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Hindu Calendar | Lunar Years | Twelve Lunar Months

Lunar Years:

The Hindu Cycle contains 60 lunar years, they are:

60 Hindu Years
1Prabhava31Hevimbi
2Vibhava32Vilambi
3Shukla33Vikari
4Pramodhati34Sarvari
5Prajothpati35Plava
6Angirasa36Subhakritu
7Srimukha37Sobhakritu
8Bhava38Krodhi
9Yuva39Viswavasu
10Dhathu40Parabhava
11Eswara41Plavanga
12Bhahudanya42Keelaka
13Pramadi43Soumya
14Vikrama44Sadharana
15Vriksha45Virodhikritu
16Chitrabhanu4646 Paridhavi
17Swabhanu47Pramodisha
18Tharana48Ananda
19Parthiva49Rakshasa
20Vyaya50Nala
21Sarvajitu51Pingala
22Sarvadhari52Kalayukti
23Virodhi53Saddhartha
24Vikriti54Roudri
25Khara55Durmathi
26Nandana56Dundhubhi
27Vijaya57Rudhirodgari
28Jaya58Rakthakshi
29Manmatha59Krodhana
30Dhurmukhi60Kshaya

Ayana’s / Solistices:

The Hindu year is divided into two equal parts, each called Ayana. They are:

1. Uttarayana (winter solstice) when the sun moves north direction and

2. Dakshinayana (summer solstice), when the sun moves south. Solar months are named after signs indicating that the Sun is entering and traveling.

Six solar months of Uttarayana
    1.   Capricorn-Makara
    2.   Aquarius-Kumbha
    3.   Pisces-Meena
    4.   Aries-Mesha
    5.   Taurus-Vrishabha
    6.   Gemini-Midhuna
Six solar months of Dakshinayana
    1.   Cancer-Karkata
    2.   Leo-Simha
    3.   Virgo-Kanya
    4.   Libra-Tula
    5.   Scorpio-Vrishchika
    6.   Sagittarius-Dhanus

Months:

The twelve lunar months are named as follows :

Lunar Months
    1.   Chaitra
    2.   Vyshakha
    3.   Jyesta
    4.   Ashadha
    5.   Shravana
    6.   Bhadrapada
    7.   Ashwayuja
    8.   Karthika
    9.   Margashira
    10. Pushya
    11.   Magha
    12.   Phalguna

Seasons:

These are Six Ruthus (or seasons, as different to four seasons, among Westerners), each of which contains two lunar months and are:

Ruthu   Lunar Months
1. VasanthaChaitra and Vyshaka, when the trees and plants blossom
2. GreeshmaJyesta and Ashadha, when there is a good deal of wind.
3. VarshaSharavana and Bhadrapada, when it is rainy season.
4. SharatAshwija and Karthika, when fruits are aplenty.
5. HimanthaMargashira and Pushya, when it is cold
6. ShishiraMagha and Phalaguna, when trees and plants shred leaves.

Reasons for the names of the months:
The star of the full moon day of the lunar month gives the name to this month. Thus, in Chaitra, the star Chitra falls on the day of the full moon. In Vayshakha, the constellation Vishaka reigns on the day of the full moon. In Jyeshta, the star Jyeshta appears in Pournami (full moon) and so on during the other months.

Hindu Calendar | Lunar Years | Twelve Lunar Months

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