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Siddhanta Gnana Ratnavali – CHAPTER I ON PROOF

SIDDHANTA GNANA RATNAVALI:

FIRST LESSON / CHAPTER I: ON PROOF

1) Question : What is Pramana?

Answer : Proof or measure.

2) Question : What is instrument of proof?

Answer : Intelligence of the Soul.

3) Question : How many kinds of Pramana are there?

Answer : Three kinds.

4) Question : What are they?

Answer : 1. (Katchi pramanam) proof by perception.

2. (Anumana pramanam) proof by inference.

3. (Agamia pramanam) proof by Agamas or the word of God.

5) Question : What is Katchi pramanam or proof by perception?

Answer : To know an object by our senses.

Example : Mountain, Earth, Sea are objects presented to our mind through our senses.

6) Question : What is Anumana pramanam or proof by inference?

Answer : To infer an unknown thing by what we have seen.

Example: To infer that there is fire within a house by seeing the smoke, coming out of a house.

7) Question : What is Agamia pramana or proof by Agama?

Answer : To know by the words of God revealed in our Sacred Vedas and Agamas.

Example: To know that there is Mahameru, Hell, Heaven, &c.

8) Question : How can we measure the objects of the world?

Answer : By numbers, weighing, measuring rod.

9) Question : What is Anuvayam?

Answer : Agreement.

10) Question : What is Vethiregam?

Answer : Negation, or Difference.

11) Question : How many kinds of katchi or perception are there?

Answer : They are of 8 kinds.

12) Question : What are they?

Answer:

Perception without difference.

Perception with difference.

perception with doubt.

wrong perception.

Perception by mind.

Perception through external senses.

perception by yogaq or psychical practices.

Perception by experience.

13) Question : How many kinds of inference are there?

Answer : Two kinds.

14) Question : What are they?

Answer : Subjective inference or Introspection and objective inference.

15) Question : Vedas, how many?

Answer : Four.

16) Question : What are they?

Answer : Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, Atharva Veda.

Sub-Vedas: Ayur Veda (medicine), Thannur Veda (Archery), Ghandarva Veda and Artha Veda.

17 & 18) Question : How many Siva Agamas are there?

Answer : 28, Viz,

1. Kamikam, 2. Yogajam, 3. Chinthiam, 4. Karanam, 5. Achitham, 6. Theeptham, 7. Sookshmnam, 8. Sakaschiram, 9. Anjiman, 10. Suppirabetham, 11. Vijayam, 12. Nischuvasam, 13. Swayambuvam, 14. Analam, 15. Veeram, 16. Rowravam, 17. Magudam, 18. Vimalam, 19. Chandragnanam, 20. Mukavimbam, 21. Purorjeetham, 22. Ilalitham, 23. Chittam, 24. Santhanam, 25. Saruvoktham, 26. Paramecbhuram, 27. Kiranam, 28. Vathulam.

19) Question : Are there any more Agamas?

Answer : There are others such as Vama &c. They cannot be considered as Siva Agamas.

20) Question : What is the difference between Vedas and Agamas?

Answer : Vedas are general Science but Agamas are special science relating to Saivism.

21) Question : What is Vedanta?

Answer : They are the Upanishads that deal with the rational aspect of the Vedas.

22) Question : What is Siddhanta?

Answer : They are the rational or gnanamarga of the Agamas.

23) Question : What does Siddhanta mean?

Answer : The true end. The ultimate goal.

21 & 25) Question : How many Vedangams are there?

Answer : Six, viz.

Mantras, Vyakaranam (Grammar), Nikandu (Dictionary), Santhopichitham (Logic), Nirutham (commentary) and Sothidam (astrology).

26) Question : Are there Siddhanta Sastras in Tamil?

Answer : Yes.

27) Question : How many?

Answer : Fourteen.

28) Question : Name them?

Answer : 1. Tiruvunthiar, 2. Tirukalitrupadiar, 3. Sivagnanabotham, 4. Sivagnana Siddhiar, 5. Irupahirupathu, 6. Unmaivilakkam, 7. Sivaprakasam, 8. Tiruvarutpayan, 9. Vinavenba, 10. Potripatrodai, 11. Kodaikavi, 12. Nenchuviduthuthu, 13. Unmainerivilakam, 14. Sankarpanirakaranam.

29) Question : Of these, which is the revealed original work?

Answer : Sivagnanabotham.

30) Question : Which is the secondary work?

Answer : Sivagnanasiddhiar.

31) Question : What are the allied works or works based on the above?

Answer : Sivaprakasam &c.

32) Question : Who is the author of Sivagnanabotham?

Answer : Meikanda Devar of Tiruvennainallur, (The original text is from the Agama and hence revealed.)

33) Question : Who is the author of Siddhiar and Irupairupathu?

Answer : Arulnandi Sivachariar of Tirutuvaiyar.

34) Question : Who wrote Sivaprakasam?

Answer : Umapathi Sivachariar of Kotravankudi.

35) Question : Who is the author of Tiruvunthiar?

Answer : Uyyavanthadevanayanar of Tiruviyalur.

36) Question : Who wrote Tirukalitrupadiyar?

Answer : Uyyavanthadevanayanar of Tirukadavur.

37) Question : Who is the author of Unmaivilakakkam?

Answer : Manavasagamkadanthadevanayanar of Tiruvathigai.

38) Question : How many of the Siddhanta Sastras were written by Umapathi Sivachariar?

Answer : Sivaprakasam and seven other works.

39) Question : Are there any other works besides these fourteen?

Answer : Yes. There are many others such as Tatvavilakkam, Thukalarubotham, Tatvaprakasam &c.

Siddhanta Gnana Ratnavali – CHAPTER I ON PROOF

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